Government shutdown forces 33,000 National Guard members to work without pay, creating training delays that threaten emergency readiness.

The conflicts over President Donald Trump’s deployment of National Guard troops to Illinois and Oregon hinge on a question as old as the Constitution itself: Where does federal power end and state authority begin?

Over the objections of local and state officials, armed National Guards members are now appearing in places civilians frequent. They are walking down pedestrian streets in Washington, D.C., and they have patrolled outside the Immigration and Customs Enforcement office in Los Angeles and outside a Memphis landmark.

The full 9th Circuit Court of Appeals declined to rehear a panel’s order allowing National Guard troops to deploy

Experts say immigration agents have more latitude to be destructive than National Guard—with fewer avenues for San Francisco to push back.

A three-judge panel appeared skeptical of the Trump administration’s arguments that the president has judicially un-reviewable power when it comes to the deployment of the National Guard on the streets of Los Angeles.

A 7th Circuit Court of Appeals panel ruled unanimously Thursday to maintain the district court’s block on National Guard

The new bill in New York would allow the state attorney general to sue for a court order blocking a guard deployment if another state attempted to send troops without authorization. That wouldn’t include cases where the guard has been formally federalized, according to News 10.

With the stated purpose of reducing crime and supporting deportation initiatives, President Donald Trump has sent National Guard troops to the streets of several American cities. So far, the National Guard has been deployed in Chicago,