Researchers at Penn, led by Physics and Astronomy professor Arnold Mathijssen, have discovered ways to achieve quality coffee extraction using fewer beans. Published in “Physics of Fluids,” the ...

Lagrangian Dynamics: A formulation of classical mechanics that utilises a Lagrangian function—typically the difference between kinetic and potential energy—to derive the equations of motion of ...

Eulerian–Lagrangian method: A numerical approach where the fluid phase is treated as a continuous field (Eulerian) while the particulate phase is simulated using discrete particles (Lagrangian).